Illinois state geological survey, open file series, 1. This book was written to provide a comprehensive survey of the current state of the art in coal preparation, with particular emphasis on coal desulfurization. Grethlein chapter 5 bioreactor study of the microbial. Research on coal desulfurization is very important for economic, social, and environmentally sustainable development. Uhl w, hone hj, beyer m, klein j 1989 continuous microbial desulfurization of coal application of a multistage slurry reactor and analysis of the interactions of microbial and chemical kinetics. In charge of major work for the majoaf department for the graduate college. An excellent separation was obtained by the microbial flotation using a long column which had a length. Kilbane pollution from coal combustion is the largest problem in the current use of coal and the biggest constraint on the increased use of coal. Frontiers biocatalytic desulfurization of thiophenic.
Microbial desulfurization of coal and oxidation of pure pyrite by t. Chapter 1 research opportunities in coal bioprocessing leah reed chapter 2 biotechnology and coal. In this context, one of the most studied biocatalytic processes is the biodesulfurization bds of thiophenic sulfurcontaining compounds such as benzothiophene bt and dibenzothiophene dbt in crude oils and refinery streams. This involves either the removal of sulfur from a molecule e. Cells and cell debris from microbes rested using a sulfurspecific. Microorganisms possess enormous highly specific metabolic activities, which enable them to utilize and transform nearly every known chemical class present in crude oil. Microbial desulfurization of coal by chaemoautotrophic.
In coal combustion, to generate electric power and process heat, the sulfur is emitted as so 2, which is seen as one of the main causes of acid rain. Research of column microbial desulfurization of high. Mycobacterium goodii x7b, which had been primarily isolated as a bacterial strain capable of desulfurizing dibenzothiophene to produce 2hydroxybiphenyl via the 4s pathway, was also found to desulfurize benzothiophene. A process for the removal of pyrite from coal wherein an aqueous slurry containing finelydivided coal particles is subjected to the action of iron and sulfur oxidizing microorganisms selected from the thiobacillus ferrooxidans group in a concentration range of between about 3. Environmental microbiology in the past decade, the field ofenvironmental microbiology has made significant progress in thestruggle against environmental contamination. Organs 8, 109114 microbial methods for desulfurization of coal fikret kargi as a result of acid rain problems, desulfurization of coal has been given increasing attention in recent years. Coal desulfurization and demineralization by chemicalphysical treatments a dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy major. Zeeb road, ann arbor, ml 48106 18 bedford row, london wcir 4ej, england. Oct 27, 20 today, china is the largest emitter of so 2, and about 25.
This article summarizes microbial processes and properties of the organisms. The 4s pathway desulfurization is the specific cutting of the carbon. On practical scale, process may be integrated with modern coal slurry transportation lines. Desulfurization of lakhra pakistan coal was conducted with different solvents. Nov 30, 2012 flue gas desulfurization fgd systems are employed to remove sox gasses that are produced by the combustion of coal for electric power generation, and consequently limit acid rain associated with these activities.
Coal biodesulfurization processes semantic scholar. Coal from candiota mine, located in the southern region of brazil, is a subbituminous and high ash coal with 50% of inorganic material, but highly reactive, and low sulfur content. Thermal and chemical desulfurization of low sulfur coals. Microbial desulfurization of coal union carbide corporation. Microbial desulfurization of fossil fuels monticello, d j.
State key lab of microbial technology, shandong university, jinan 250100, china. The long column flotation reduced the pyritic sulfur content from 11% feed coal to 1. Why we make the process of removal of sulfur from crude oil. The address for the corresponding author was captured as affiliation for all authors. Microbial desulfurization of coal containing pyritic.
Microbial desulfurization of gasoline in a mycobacterium. Coal desulfurization by solvent leaching methods ali ahmed, naseer ahmad, rizwan shah, m. Frontiers microbial communities associated with wet flue. The addition of carbon in a culture with a constant ph greatly improved the growth of rhodococcus. Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and acidianus brierleyiwere capable of oxidizing pure pyrite as well as oxidizing sulfur in coal. This strain appeared to have the ability to remove.
Pdf microbial desulfurization of solubilized coal hyun. Today, china is the largest emitter of so 2, and about 25. Kargi f 1990 use of sulfolobus acidocaldariusf for microbial desulfurization of coal. Sulfur in crude oil is mainly present in the form of organ sulfur compounds. Microbial desulfurization of solubilized coal article pdf available in biotechnology letters 245. Chapter pdf available february 2015 with 1,470 reads. Coal desulfurization and demineralization by chemical. Biodesulfurization of coal using rhodococcus erythropolis sx. The microbial desulfurization of coal springerlink. The desulfurization product was identified as o hydroxystyrene by gas chromatography gcmass spectrometry analysis.
During coal combustion heat is released to produce steam in boilers. Techniques, methodologies and equipment see more details of petroleum petroleum subject category. Methods of metal recovery by microorganisms 2 methods. Inorganic sulfur consists mostly of ironsulfides, the socalled pyritic sulfur, whereas organic. Physical coal cleaning can only remove limited amount of inorganic sulphur due to insufficient liberation. Sulfurous gases primarily sulfur dioxide produced by the combustion of foss. Comparison analysis of coal biodesulfurization and coals pyrite. The coal was formed from microbial decomposition of ancient tree ferns, cycads, and bogswamp soil and compacted into the coal mined today. The chemical structure of coal macerals is usually characterized by the presence of inorganic and organic sulfur.
Microbial desulfurization of fossil fuels microbial desulfurization of fossil fuels monticello, d j. Apr 11, 20 uhl w, hone hj, beyer m, klein j 1989 continuous microbial desulfurization of coalapplication of a multistage slurry reactor and analysis of the interactions of microbial and chemical kinetics. Sulfur emission from coal combustion presents many environmental. As a result of acid rain problems, desulfurization of coal has been given increasing attention in recent years. Desulfurization of coal by microbial column flotation desulfurization of coal by microbial column flotation ohmura, naoya. Comparison analysis of coal biodesulfurization and coals. Before combustion, coal desulfurization can be achieved by physical, microbial, thermal, and chemical methods. Ppt desulfurization of coal powerpoint presentation. Such a book has not been available since robert meyers wrote coal desulfurization in 1977, and considerable advances have been made in the more than 20 years since then. This effect has led to an interest in the three main methods of removing coal sulfur. Originating from irtsitu oxidation of metal sulfides, sulfates axe. Microbial desulfurization of coal and oxidation of. Coal coal can contain up to 10% sulfur by weight, although values of 1 4% are more typical depending on the region where the coal was extracted. Pdf microbial desulfurization of low rank coal by rhodococcus rhodochrous igts8 was investigated using three different pretreated coal.
The aim of this study is to prove that coal fines can be successfully cleaned using. Its application on a large scale is still in its infancy. Desulfurization of coal by microbial column flotation. Pdf2015000939 is thankfully acknowledged by aniruddha kumar. While physical treatment is effective for coal with high inorganic sulfur contents, microbial treatment can eliminate most of the inorganic and some organic sulfur eliot et al. Desulfurization of coal by oxidation in alkaline solution iowa state university ph.
Couch chapter 3 economic factors in the bioprocessing of coal herbert j. Microbial desulfurization of fuel oil springerlink. Thus, the fluidized bed combustor fbc technology using limestone as a desulfurization agent is very appropriate to the use of this kind of coal. High sulfur coal, when used in thermal power stations, emits sulfur dioxide so 2 that causes environmental pollution. Microbial methods for desulfurization of coal sciencedirect. Pdf microbial biodesulphurisation of coal researchgate. One of the cheaper method of removing sulfur from coal is biological process. Coal activated carbon for desulfurization treating the effluent air stream with activated carbon has been found to be one of the best ways to remove hydrogen sulfide. Desulfurization of coal by microbial column flotation deepdyve.
State key lab of microbial technology, shandong university, jinan. Originating from irtsitu oxidation of metal sulfides. The costs of independent microbial depyritization and organic. Desulfurisation of coal and oil linkedin slideshare. Sulfur in the form of pyrite fes2 is transformed into the gas phase as sox after combustion process. Biological treatment of flue gas desulfurization wastewater. Mechanistic understanding of microbial desulfurization. Rhodococcus rhodochrous strain igts8 metabolizes dibenzothiophene, a model compound for organic sulfur in fossil fuels, in a sulfurspecific manner. A study of the suppression of pyritic sulphur in coal forth flotation by thiobacillus ferrooxidans coal prep.
The rate of desulfurization of coal is strongly dependent on the physio. Dec 14, 2014 about 2 g of coal microbial treatment of coal coal subject category. In this study, three batches of shake flask experiments were conducted for coal bio desulfurization using acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans to explore the relationship between microbial nutrients ironfree m9 k medium supply and. I desulfurization of coal yasuo ohtsuka encyclopedia of life support systems eolss temperature desulfurization process is well proven, the reduction of sorbent consumption is required. Jiang at the coal tech 2000 international conference november 14, 2000 jakarta, indonesia br1709 paul s. Microbial coal desulfurization makes use of the abilities of certain bacteria to metabolize. Ppt desulfurization of coal powerpoint presentation free. Coal was leached with different solvents like hot water, h 2 o 2 h 2 so 4 and hno 3.
Coal has the most abundant reserves and is always the most important energy on earth, which accounts for more than 24% in energy production in the world. Sem micrographs showed that the major pyrite forms in coal were massive and veinlets. Most standard activated carbons have little capacity for h2s. Elemental sulfur and iron sulfate are recovered as products of the reaction. Abstract the sulfur found in coal is generally divided into three forms. The increasing global levels of sulfur content in crude oil have motivated the development of alternate desulfurization technologies. Desulphurisation is a chemical process for the removal of sulfur from a material. After 16 days of processing, the total sulfur removal rate of coal was 50.
Wet fgds represent a physicochemically extreme environment due to the high operating temperatures and total dissolved solids tds of fluids in the interior of the fgd units. During this period,molecular genetics has become a valuable source of new techniquesfor the detection of microorganisms, the degradation of hazardouschemicals, and as a means of safely controlling. Precombustion microbial desulfurization of coal has significant advantages over physicochemical processes. Two routes of desulfurization have been identified. Coal tar is the main byproduct of coal gasification and coal coking process, its output was about 15 million tons with the annual growth rate about. Hydrotreating is the main technology to prepare fuel. A study was made to desulphurize the coal from wuhai of nei meng gu province in china, characterized by high content of sulphur 2. The resulting flue gas desulfurization fgd process wastewater contains elevated levels of chlorides, sulfates, calcium, magnesium, and sodium, along with significant concentrations of nitrates, ammonia, and heavy metal contaminants such as chromium, mercury, and selenium. In the present investigation, while using these natural microbial strains, the optimum results were obtained under. Evidence from the market abstract the paper develops a forwardlooking way to estimate the economic benefits of research and development on coal desulfurization. Abstract desulfurization of coal using microbial catalyst looks promising biotechnological approach. Pdf microbial desulfurization of solubilized coal researchgate.
About 2 g of coal microbial desulfurization of the coal utilizing hansenula sydowiorum, hansenula ciferrii, hansenula lynferdii, andor cryptococcus albidus. The process of removal of sulfur containing pyrite fes 2 from high sulfur coal by microorganisms is referred to as bio desulfurization. Naeem bhatti, mahmood saleem1 abstract coal desulfurization prior to usage is a preprocessing in order to achieve clean fuel and reduce environmental impacts such as acid rain. Fuel processing technology elsevier fuel processing technology 40 1994 297 310 microbial desulfurization of coal and oil j. Microbial desulphurization of coal containing pyritic sulphur in a. Also, the proximate analysis, total sulfur, and sulfur contents of coal samples. Flue gas desulfurization technologies for coal fired power plants presented by michael x. Coal, oil shale, natural bitumen, heavy oil and peat vol. Sulfur is a hindrance to effective utilization of coallignite in view of the environmental problems. Desulfurization of coal by oxidation in alkaline solution. Coal desulfurization by bacterial treatment and column flotation.
The long column flotation not only attained an excellent separation but also reduced the amount of cells for desulfurization to as little as one. This patent describes a method of regenerating the solubilizing agent from the process stream of a single stage ionic coal liquefaction process wherein the coal liquefaction is accomplished by reaction of the coal with a polar solvent solubilizing agent and an aqueous solution containing inorganic ionic species where major amounts of the solubilizing agent are selected from the group consisting of. Microbial desulfurization of coal and oxidation of pure pyrite by. Culture conditions of desulfurization microbes were investigated with a bioreactor controlled by computer. Flue gas desulfurization fgd systems are employed to remove sox gasses that are produced by the combustion of coal for electric power generation, and consequently limit acid rain associated with these activities. Chaemoautrophic bacteria, thiobacillus ferrooxidance, isolated from iron mine sludges have been used for sulfur removal from coal. Desulphurization of coal to protect the environment. Coal combustion is the largest single source of sulfur oxide pollution. Factors such as ph, choice of carbon source, optimal concentrations of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur sources were determined. Evaluation of limestone impurities in the desulfurization process of coal combustion gas 265 brazilian journal of chemical engineering vol. The sulfur found in coal is generally divided into three forms. Microbial desulfurization of coal and oil sciencedirect. Bioprocessing and biotreatment of coal ebook, 2017. Bacterial desulphurization of coal from mine csa most j.
The microbial desulfurization may be enhanced to commercial scale with the help of. Microbial methods of coal desulfurization have significant advantages over chemical and physical methods. Flue gas desulfurization flue gas desulfurization is commonly known as fgd and is the technology used for removing sulfur dioxide so2 from the exhaust flue gases in power plants that burn coal or oil to produce steam for the steam turbines that drive their electricity generators. The isolation and characterization of microorganisms capa able of. Process may expand use of abundant reserves of highsulfur bituminous coal, which is currently restricted due to environmental pollution. New methods and organisms have been developed for microbial desulfurization of coal in recent years. Microbial desulfurization of low rank coal by rhodococcus rhodochrous igts8 was investigated using three different pretreated coal samples. Each has some technical and economical limitations. I desulfurization of coal yasuo ohtsuka encyclopedia of life support systems eolss temperature desulfurization process is well proven, the reduction of sorbent consumption is required to minimize the costs for sorbent and residue management. Under growth conditions, the intermediates are dibenzothiophene sulfoxide, dibenzothiophene sulfone, 2. On the contrary, after 12 days of processing, the coals pyrite bioleaching rate was 72. Nevertheless, direct combustion coal leads to the emission of sulfur oxides, which can cause adverse effects on environment.
Biological desulfurization of coal the standard oil company. Jun 03, 1980 the following experiment was conducted to demonstrate the beneficial effect of washing certain coals prior to carrying out the microbial desulfurization process. But the chemical methods generally require high energy and chemical. The major coal desulphurization technologies prior to combustion are physical coal cleaning, chemical and biological methods. Microbial desulfurization of polish flame coal, characterized by high total concentration of sulfur and a high concentration of pyrite sulfur, was studied.
Flue gas desulfurization technologies for coalfired power plants. Coal desulfurization prior to usage is a preprocessing in order to achieve clean fuel and reduce environmental impacts such as acid rain. Solubilized coal was desulfurized more efficiently than hard coal and more sulfur was extracted from. Flue gas desulfurization technologies for coalfired power. Sulfurous emissions from the combustion of coal are cited as the leading contributor to acid rain. Microbial desulfurization of fuel oil springer link. Sulfur dioxide is responsible for acid rain formation.
390 1561 408 800 1142 143 754 931 337 232 150 232 1105 891 669 1481 1414 1322 832 925 296 649 206 597 1086 1316 981 84 43 706 432 567 959 927 1201